I am studying.
I am studying with MarĂa.
I am studying now.
I am studying with MarĂa tonight.
I am studying now.
(use present progressive)
I am studying with MarĂa tonight.
(do not use present progressive)
Estoy hablando.
I am speaking.
Juan estĂ¡ comiendo.
John is eating.
MarĂa estĂ¡ escribiendo una carta.
Mary is writing a letter.
estar
estoy
estĂ¡s
estĂ¡
estamos
estĂ¡is
estĂ¡n
hablar: hablando
(hablar - ar + ando)
trabajar: trabajando
(trabajar - ar + ando)
estudiar: estudiando
(estudiar - ar + ando)
comer: comiendo
(comer - er + iendo)
hacer: haciendo
(hacer - er + iendo)
vivir: viviendo
(vivir - ir + iendo)
escribir: escribiendo
(escribir - ir + iendo)
servir: sirviendo
pedir: pidiendo
decir: diciendo
dormir: durmiendo
morir: muriendo
poder: pudiendo
caer: cayendo
creer: creyendo
huir: huyendo
ir: yendo
influir: influyendo
oĂr: oyendo
traer: trayendo
leer: leyendo
seguir: siguiendo
hablar: hablando (-ar)
comer: comiendo (-er)
vivir: viviendo (-ir)
decir: diciendo (e:i)
dormir: durmiendo (o:u)
leer: leyendo (orthographic)
seguir: siguiendo (orthographic)
Juan estĂ¡ comiendo pan.
John is eating bread.
MarĂa y Carmen estĂ¡n hablando con nosotros.
Mary and Carmen are speaking with us.
Estudio español. (Present Indicative)
I study Spanish.
I am studying Spanish (these days).
I do study Spanish.
Estoy estudiando español. (Present Progressive)
I am studying (right now, at this moment) Spanish.
Present Progressive
estar + present participle
I am speaking (right now, at this moment)
Never use present progressive for something that will occur in the future.
Present Participle (-ando, -iendo, yendo)hablar - hablando (-ar)
comer - comiendo (-er)
vivir - viviendo (-ir)
decir - diciendo (e:i)
dormir - durmiendo (o:u)
leer - leyendo (orthographic)
seguir: siguiendo (orthographic)
the teacher, a college, a bit of honey, that person, those people, whatever purpose, either way, your choice
Countable Nouns | Uncountable Nouns | - | |
much | x | I don't have much money. | |
many | x | - | I don't have many apples. |
few* | x | - | We know few people in the area. I would like to get to know more. |
a few** | x | - | We know a few people in the area. I know enough people to keep me happy. |
little* | - | x | I know little English. I am going to have a problem getting around England. |
a little** | - | x | I know a little English, at least enough to get England. |
enough | x | x | I have enough money. |
plenty | x | x | I have plenty of money. |
Affirmative | | | |
Subject | to have | past participle | |
She | has | visited | |
Negative | | | |
Subject | to have + not | past participle | |
She | hasn't | visited | |
Interrogative | | | |
to have | subject | past participle | |
Has | she | visited..? | |
Interrogative negative | |||
to have + not | subject | past participle | |
Hasn't | she | visited...? |
Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
I have walked | I haven't walked | Have I walked? |
You have walked | You haven't walked | Have you walked? |
He, she, it has walked | He, she, it hasn't walked | Has he,she,it walked |
We have walked | We haven't walked | Have we walked? |
You have walked | You haven't walked | Have you walked? |
They have walked | They haven't walked | Have they walked? |
Subject | Verb | ||
Be | Have | Do | |
I | was | had | did |
You | were | had | did |
He, she, it | was | had | did |
We | were | had | did |
You | were | had | did |
They | were | had | did |
Affirmative | ||
Subject | verb + ed | |
I | washed | |
Negative | ||
Subject | did not | infinitive without to |
They | didn't | visit ... |
Interrogative | ||
Did | subject | infinitive without to |
Did | she | arrive...? |
Interrogative negative | ||
Did not | subject | infinitive without to |
Didn't | you | like..? |
Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
I walked | I didn't walk | Did I walk? |
You walked | You didn't walk | Did you walk? |
He,she,it walked | He didn't walk | Did he walk? |
We walked | We didn't walk | Did we walk? |
You walked | You didn't walk | Did you walk? |
They walked | They didn't walk | Did they walk? |