Adjectives, Nouns, and Pronouns

Adjectives + prepositions followed by the gerund

Accustomed to, afraid of, capable of, fond of,

Intent on, interested in, successful in, tired of.


- Jean is not capable of understanding the predicament.

- Alvaro is intent on finishing school next year.

- Craig is fond of dancing.


Nouns + prepositions followed by the gerund

choice of , excuse for, intention of, method for,

possibility of, reason for, (method of),


- George has no excuse for dropping out of school.

- There is no reason for leaving this early.

- Connie has developed a method for evaluating this problem.


Any time a preposition is followed directly by a verb, the verb will be in the gerund form.

- After leaving the party. Ali drove home.

- He should have stayed in New York instead of moving to Maine.


Adjective followed by the infinitive

anxious, boring, dangerous, hard,

eager, easy, good, strange,

pleased, prepared, ready, able*,

usual, common, difficult.

*able means the same as capable in many instance, but the grammar is very different. While able is followed by the infinitive, capable is followed by of + [verb + ing].

- These students are not yet able to handle such difficult problems\

- These students are not yet capable of handling such difficult problem.


Examples of adjectives followed by infinitive

- Muhammad is anxious to see his family.

- We are ready to leave now.

- It is difficult to pass this test.


Some verbs can be followed by either the infinitive or gerund, but the meaning changes.

stop, remember, forget.


- John stopped studying. {John is not going to study anymore}

- John stopped to study. {John stopped doing something in order to study}


Pronouns before the gerund or infinitive:

allow, ask, beg, convince, expect, instruct,

invite, order, permit, persuade, prepare, promise, remind, urge, want.


Subject + verb + complement form {pronoun / noun} + [to + verb]. . .

- Joe asked Marry to call him when she woke up.

- We ordered him to appear in count.

- You should prepare your son to take this examination.


However, before the gerund, a noun or pronoun must appear in the possessive form.

Subject + verb + possessive form {noun / pronoun} + [verb + ing]. . .

- We understand your not being able to stay longer.

- He regrets her leaving.

- We object to their calling at this hour.


Pronouns


Subject : a, you, she, he, it, we, you, they.

Complement : me, you, her, him, it, us, you, them.

Passive Adjective : my, your, her, his, its, our, your, their.

Possesive : mine, yours, hers, his, its, ours, yours, theirs.

Reflective : myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
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